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URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://bibliotecadigital.tse.jus.br/handle/bdtse/10292
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Artigo ¿Qué piensa la elite política latinoamericana sobre la actividad de los partidos políticos? Brasil y Guatemala en perspectiva comparada(2008) Felisbino, Riberti de Almeida; Miranda, Francisco José Lemus; Tribunal Superior EleitoralLos miembros de la elite política comparten con los politólogos que los partidos son instituciones políticas cruciales para el buen funcionamiento de la democracia, pues los partidos son los que mejor desempeñan las principales funciones en el dicho régimen; o sea, estas instituciones constituyen mecanismos de expresión y representación, al mismo tiempo cumplen con las funciones de gobernar. Sin embargo, los miembros de la elite política tienen diferentes opiniones sobre la actividad de los partidos. El objetivo de este artículo es discutir y comparar las opiniones de los miembros de la elite política brasileña y guatemalteca. Trataremos de contestar a algunas cuestiones basado en el estudio "Partidos políticos y gobernabilidad en América Latina".Artigo Reconversión y conservadurismo político en Brasil : los limites del cambio(2006) Serna, Miguel; Tribunal Superior EleitoralEl artículo aborda los cambios políticos recientes de la democracia y los partidos políticos de Brasil desde una perspectiva histórica comparativa. La hipótesis central es que para explicar la naturaleza y límites de los cambios electorales hay que comprender las dificultades históricas de los procesos de democratización y el peso de una matriz sociopolítica conservadora. En la primera sección se analiza la formación de una matriz sociopolítica conservadora y las debilidades de la democratización entre 1945 y 1964. En la segunda sección se aborda la dinámica de la democracia y los partidos políticos en las últimas dos décadas para identificar los límites de los cambios políticos electorales recientes.Artigo Rethinking state politics : the withering of state dominant machines in Brazil(2007) Borges, André; Tribunal Superior EleitoralResearch on Brazilian Federalism and state politics has focused mainly on the impact of federal arrangements on national systems, whereas comparative analyses of the working of state political institutions and patterns of political competition and decision-making have often beeb neglected. The article contributes to an emerging comparative literature on state politics by developing a typology that systematizes the variation in political competitiveness and the extent of state elites control over the electoral arena across Brazilian states. It relies on factor analysis to create an index of electoral dominance, comprised of a set indicators of party and electoral competitiveness at the state level, which measures state elites capacity to control the state electoral arena over time. Based on this composite index and on available case-study evidence, the article applies relies on the typological classification to assess the recent evolution of state-level poltitical competitiveness. The empirical analysis demonstrates that demonstrates that state politics is becoming more competitive and fragmented, including in those states that have been characterized as bastions of oligarchism and political bossism. In view of these findings, the article argues that the power of state poltitical machines rests on fragile foundations: in Brazils multiparty federalism, vertical competition between the federal and state governments in the provision of social policies works as a constraint on state bosses machine-building strategies. It is concluded that our previous views on state political dynamics are in serious need of re-evaluation.Artigo Relevant factors for the voting decision in the 2002 presidential election : an analysis of the ESEB (Brazilian Electoral Study) data(2007) Carreirão, Yan de Souza; Tribunal Superior EleitoralThe article investigates some of the most relevant factors for the voting decision in the 2002 presidential election by testing some of the main hypotheses about electoral behaviour in the country by means of logistic regression analyses based on data from the ESEB (Brazilian Electoral Study), a post-electoral survey conducted on a national sample of voters. In the models, taken as a whole, political opinions did not have much weight in the voting decision. Furthermore, they are unable to explain a very large share of voters positioning on a left-right scale or on a scale of voters party sentiments. All these political variables taken as a whole, in turn, explain only part of the evaluations that voters make of the governments performance. The analysis shows that Brazilian voters voting decision seems rather varied, since some variables were shown to be relevant to explain the vote for a candidate, but not for the others. The variables shown to be more frequent (for all four candidates analysed) and with more considerable weight were: voters religion, their party sentiments, their positioning on a left-right scale, the evaluations made of the then current government (in actual fact important only for the vote for Serra, the governments candidate) and the candidates attributes (especially reliability and preparedness/competence).Artigo Career choice and legislative reelection : evidence from Brazil and Colombia(2007) Botero, Felipe; Rennó, Lucio R. (Lucio Remuzat); Tribunal Superior EleitoralThis paper explores the differences and similarities between the electoral systems in Brazil and Colombia and how it affects Brazilian incumbent Federal Deputies and Colombian Diputados political career choices and electoral success. The main argument is that even though both electoral systems are, in general terms, quite distinct, they appear to produce very similar effects in career choices and reelection. The main cause of the effects found is that the institutional minutiae of the two electoral systems increase their similarities. Key words: Legislative Careers; reelection; electoral systems.Artigo Brazilian democracy and the power of old theories of party competition(2008) Santos, FabianoBrazilian politics has been usually analyzed as a case full of pathologies by scholars and political journalists alike. Fragmentation, volatility, clientelism and inefficiency have become bywords for describing the performance of Brazils political institutions. As a counter to this view, this work argues that the countrys democracy in the post-1988 period presents enough evidence in favor of classical hypotheses about electoral politics in the contemporary worlds, theories that invariably are based on premises of rationality in the behavior of voters and political parties. These theories include the median voter theorem, Duvergers law on the mechanical and psychological effects of electoral systems, and the model of retrospective voting. The article also contends that the passing of time has contributed to make Brazilian politics more rational and efficient in the mould of older democracies.Artigo Women and candidate quality in the elections for the Senate : Brazil and the United States in comparative perspective(2007) Bohn, Simone R.The Senate remains as an almost uncharted territory for women. And not only in re-democratized countries like Brazil, but also in advanced democracies such as the USA. To date, 33 American and 28 Brazilian women have served in their Senates. Why are these numbers so reduced? This article discusses the key obstacles that women face and, through OLS and probit analyses, examines the degree of competitiveness and rate of success of all candidacies. We show that, even though womens are thought to be weak contestants, they can be as competitive as men when they have a record of elected public positions. The reduced availability of the latter, however, indicates that they are still far from inscreasing their presence in the Senate.Artigo How logrolling can explain the failure of the government coalition in Brazil(2006) Carvalho, Márcio André deApresenta uma análise do comportamento dos deputados federais brasileiros na Câmara entre 1995 e 1998, quando várias emendas constitucionais foram apresentadas pelo presidente Fernando Henrique Cardoso. O objetivo é mostrar que a falta de uma coalizão governamental (ou bloco governamental) estável resultou em custos para a sociedade que não foram previstos pelo governo. O argumento usado é que o logrolling - troca estratégica de votos - foi a estratégia utilizada pelo governo para garantir o número de votos necessários para aprovar as emendas. Assim, na tentativa de se garantir o número mínimo de votos, o governo criou um sistema no qual os deputados apenas votariam com ele se tivessem algum tipo de retorno em troca dos seus votos.Artigo From petista way to brazilian way : how the PT changes in the road(2008) Goldfrank, Benjamin; Wampler, BrianQuando Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva venceu a disputa presidencial em 2002, ele e seu Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) tiveram a maioria dos observadores convencidos de que esta era uma nova fase para a democracia do país. Afinal o PT tinha construído uma reputação de mais de vinte anos para um bom governo e ética na política. Apesar disso o governo Lula tem sido severamente minado por escândalos de corrupção, que surpreendeu até o mais cínico dos observadores do PT e fomentou amplo descontentamento entre muitos dos antigos defensores do partido. Esse artigo expõe quatro vertentes de explicação para a queda da simpatia do PT, envolvendo: o elevado custo das eleições brasileiras, as decisões estratégicas da facção dominante do partido, restrições econômicas sobre uma eventual administração Lula e sobre as dificuldades do sistema multipartidário.