Classes populares, cultura política e Constituinte (1984-1988)
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2018
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Investiga a cultura política dos brasileiros nos
anos da transição para a democracia a partir das sugestões da população à Assembleia
Nacional Constituinte, encaminhadas por carta ao Congresso Nacional. As cartas
analisadas no presente artigo integram um conjunto documental composto por 72.719
missivas encaminhadas entre os anos 1986 e 1987, nas quais ficaram registradas as queixas,
as reivindicações, as sugestões, os elogios, as decepções e os sonhos dos brasileiros que, em
maior ou menor grau, acreditavam estar participando da construção de novo um país. Tais
registros foram cotejados com outros contemporâneos seus (músicas, novelas, programas
televisivos), oriundos de outros espaços, como as empresas de comunicação, de
entretenimento e partidos políticos, através da qual se observa a correspondência temática
e semântica entre eles. Na análise dos discursos dos missivistas considera-se que os
mesmos integram a categoria de classes populares, entendida enquanto uma conformação
social não alinhada aos projetos hegemônicos que atua de modo classista, sem que,
contudo, seus integrantes pertençam a uma única classe social. Dessa forma, procurou-se
compreender os vínculos que as pessoas comuns estabeleceram entre democracia e justiça
social nas cartas, assim como identificar a perspectiva classista que aparece naqueles
discursos e analisar as correspondências dos mesmos com outros discursos enunciados em
diferentes espaços e por distintos atores sociais.
It investigates the political culture of Brazilians in the years of the transition to democracy based on the population's suggestions to the National Constituent Assembly, sent by letter to the National Congress. The letters analyzed in this article are part of a group of documents consisting of 72,719 messages sent between 1986 and 1987, in which were registered the complaints, claims, suggestions, compliments, disappointments and dreams of Brazilians who, believed they were participating in the construction of a new country. Such records have been compared with other contemporaries of their origin from other areas, such as communication, entertainment and political parties. In the analysis of the writers' discourses, it is considered that they are part of popular classes, understood as a social conformaty not aligned with the hegemonic projects that acts in a classist mode, although they belong to a unique social class. In this way, it was tried to understand the bonds that the ordinary people established between democracy and social justice in the letters, as well as to identify the class perspective that appears in those discourses and to analyze the correspondences with other discourses enunciated in different spaces and social actors.
It investigates the political culture of Brazilians in the years of the transition to democracy based on the population's suggestions to the National Constituent Assembly, sent by letter to the National Congress. The letters analyzed in this article are part of a group of documents consisting of 72,719 messages sent between 1986 and 1987, in which were registered the complaints, claims, suggestions, compliments, disappointments and dreams of Brazilians who, believed they were participating in the construction of a new country. Such records have been compared with other contemporaries of their origin from other areas, such as communication, entertainment and political parties. In the analysis of the writers' discourses, it is considered that they are part of popular classes, understood as a social conformaty not aligned with the hegemonic projects that acts in a classist mode, although they belong to a unique social class. In this way, it was tried to understand the bonds that the ordinary people established between democracy and social justice in the letters, as well as to identify the class perspective that appears in those discourses and to analyze the correspondences with other discourses enunciated in different spaces and social actors.
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ASSIS, Charleston José de Sousa. Classes populares, cultura política e Constituinte (1984-1988). Crítica Histórica, Maceió, ano 9, n. 18, p. 144-172, dez. 2018.
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