La geografía política de las elecciones presidenciales de 2021 en Perú
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2021
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Un argumento ampliamente difundido en la academia y en la discusión pública es que las
elecciones presidenciales peruanas muestran un patrón geográfico de voto claramente definido que contrapone
el sur del país a Lima y la costa norte. La presente investigación busca problematizar este argumento
a partir de la aplicación de indicadores de autocorrelación espacial y el uso de mapas LISA para
analizar las elecciones de 2021 (a nivel provincial y distrital). Los principales hallazgos no descartan del
todo las ideas preexistentes, pero añaden una necesaria capa de complejidad al descubrir diferentes tipos
de patrones geográficos, cuestionar la existencia de zonas totalmente coherentes e internamente homogéneas
en el territorio y, en cierto sentido, añadir a la Amazonía en la discusión.
According to a generalized argument, the Peruvian presidential election results show a territorial contrast between the south of the country, and Lima and the north coast. The present paper casts doubts on this argument by applying spatial autocorrelation indicators and LISA maps to analyze the 2021 presidential election at both the province and district levels. The main findings do not entirely overrule previous ideas about geographic patterns, but they add a layer of complexity. The paper shows different types of geographic patterns, internal heterogeneity within parts of the territory previously assumed as highly coherent in electoral terms, and, to some extent, it adds the Amazon to the discussion.
According to a generalized argument, the Peruvian presidential election results show a territorial contrast between the south of the country, and Lima and the north coast. The present paper casts doubts on this argument by applying spatial autocorrelation indicators and LISA maps to analyze the 2021 presidential election at both the province and district levels. The main findings do not entirely overrule previous ideas about geographic patterns, but they add a layer of complexity. The paper shows different types of geographic patterns, internal heterogeneity within parts of the territory previously assumed as highly coherent in electoral terms, and, to some extent, it adds the Amazon to the discussion.
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Referência
ENCINAS, Daniel; FUENTES DIESTRA, Alejandra. La geografía política de las elecciones presidenciales de 2021 en Perú. Elecciones, Lima, v. 20, n. 22, p. 231-282, jul./dez. 2021. DOI: 10.53557/Elecciones.2021.v20n22.07.
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