Democracia em perigo : compreendendo as ameaças das milícias digitais no Brasil
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2021
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O uso de fórmulas algorítmicas para minerar dados extraídos das redes
sociais, para elaborar perfis e induzir escolhas na política, além de resvalar na
privacidade, reduz o debate de ideias que formam o pensamento livre, transformando
as democracias em vultos espectrais. Esse cenário de disrupção, de
hashtagzição da vida coletiva reduzindo o diálogo a rosnados coléricos e fake
news, facilitou a desinformação e criou ambiente fértil para as milícias digitais,
maquinaria da guerrilha política virtual para ganhar preferência dos eleitores
indecisos. Indagando sobre o futuro da democracia nesses quadrantes, o presente
artigo busca conceituar e caracterizar tais organizações, que desafiam
o sistema de justiça analógico, desconectado da velocidade e estratégias dessa
nova realidade. A abordagem do financiamento dessas organizações por
grupos de empresários, além da irrigação de recursos públicos oriundos de
gabinetes parlamentares, também oferece reflexões sobre o controle do abuso
do poder político e econômico que impactam as eleições.
The manipulation of algorithmic formulae to extract data from social networking sites and to induce political decisions is a threat to privacy and reduces the marketplace of ideas that is vital to the development of free-thinking. Such practices also attempt to transform democracies into spectral figures. This scenario of disruption reduces democratic dialogues to angry snarls, facilitates the production and spread of misinformation, and creates a fertile environment for digital militias- a machine of virtual political guerrillas that works to convince undecided voters. Considering this scenario and inquiring about the future of democracy, this article seeks to conceptualize and characterize such organizations, which challenge the analogical justice system that is incapable of keeping up with the speed and strategies of this new reality. This article also attempts to unpack the financial model that supports these militias and offers reflections on the control of political and economic powers that impact elections.
The manipulation of algorithmic formulae to extract data from social networking sites and to induce political decisions is a threat to privacy and reduces the marketplace of ideas that is vital to the development of free-thinking. Such practices also attempt to transform democracies into spectral figures. This scenario of disruption reduces democratic dialogues to angry snarls, facilitates the production and spread of misinformation, and creates a fertile environment for digital militias- a machine of virtual political guerrillas that works to convince undecided voters. Considering this scenario and inquiring about the future of democracy, this article seeks to conceptualize and characterize such organizations, which challenge the analogical justice system that is incapable of keeping up with the speed and strategies of this new reality. This article also attempts to unpack the financial model that supports these militias and offers reflections on the control of political and economic powers that impact elections.
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Referência
MORAIS, José Luís Bolzan de; LÔBO, Edilene; NEMER, David. Democracia em perigo: compreendendo as ameaças das
milícias digitais no Brasil. Estudos Eleitorais, Brasília, DF, v. 15, n. 2, p. 354-380, jul./dez. 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.57025/14145146_v15n2_mor.jos.