Fake news e o uso do Facebook na eleição presidencial brasileira de 2018 : ideologias, pós-verdade e aparelhos ideológicos de dominação
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2021
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Observa a dinâmica conversacional no Facebook durante as eleições presidenciais brasileiras de 2018 sob a perspectiva materialista da comunicação. O estudo caracteriza como o processo eleitoral foi influenciado pelas mídias sociais, instrumentalizadas principalmente pela candidatura que representava os interesses das elites econômicas do país. Coletamos as postagens realizadas pelas 155 páginas políticas com maior audiência no Facebook ao longo das eleições e interpretamos, com base na metodologia de análise de conteúdo, as dimensões ideológicas das mensagens mais compartilhadas. Nossos resultados mostram o predomínio das páginas da nova direita na rede numa disputa onde prevaleceram a campanha negativa, a incitação ao ódio e as fake news, em detrimento do debate propositivo. A exitosa estratégia discursiva das classes dominantes consistiu em associar a corrupção à esquerda, sobretudo ao Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT), por um lado, e defender narrativas conservadoras - no campo moral e dos costumes - e o ultraliberalismo econômico, por outro.
It analyzes Facebook posts during the 2018 Brazilian presidential elections from the materialistic perspective of communication. The study describes how the electoral process was influenced by social media and persuaded mainly by the candidacy that represented the interests of the country's economic elites. We have gathered posts from 155 political pages with the largest audience on Facebook along with the elections and we recognize, based on the content analysis methodology, the ideological dimensions in the most part of the messages. Our results have shown that the predominant of the pages of the new right in the dispute prevails negative campaign, incitement to hatred and violence, and fake news, to the detriment of the deliberative debate. The success in the discursive strategy of the ruling classes consisted of associating the corruption to the left-wing, and above all to the PT. At the same time, the right-wing defends the conservative narratives and economic politics focused on ultraliberalism.
It analyzes Facebook posts during the 2018 Brazilian presidential elections from the materialistic perspective of communication. The study describes how the electoral process was influenced by social media and persuaded mainly by the candidacy that represented the interests of the country's economic elites. We have gathered posts from 155 political pages with the largest audience on Facebook along with the elections and we recognize, based on the content analysis methodology, the ideological dimensions in the most part of the messages. Our results have shown that the predominant of the pages of the new right in the dispute prevails negative campaign, incitement to hatred and violence, and fake news, to the detriment of the deliberative debate. The success in the discursive strategy of the ruling classes consisted of associating the corruption to the left-wing, and above all to the PT. At the same time, the right-wing defends the conservative narratives and economic politics focused on ultraliberalism.
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BACHINI, Natasha; MENON, Gustavo. Fake news e o uso do Facebook na eleição presidencial brasileira de 2018: ideologias, pós-verdade e aparelhos ideológicos de dominação. Economic Analysis of Law Review, Brasília, v. 12, n. 1, p. 143-163, jan./abr. 2021.
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