A judicialização de processos eleitorais: uma análise da ADIN 5889
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2022
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O Brasil possui uma das maiores eleições informatizadas do mundo, com
aproximadamente 500 mil urnas eletrônicas em todas as seções eleitorais do país. O fato de
existir uma Justiça Eleitoral, órgão governamental vinculado ao Poder Judiciário da União,
composta hierarquicamente por um Tribunal Superior Eleitoral, Tribunais Regionais
Eleitorais e Cartórios Eleitorais, que organiza, fiscaliza e realiza as eleições regulamentando o
processo eleitoral, permitiu que a mesma solução tecnológica fosse implantada em todos os
locais de votação do país (SCHAUREN, 2016). Ocorre que, em 2015, mediante a Lei nº.
13.165 (Minirreforma Eleitoral), foi incluído o artigo 59-A e parágrafo único, na Lei nº. 9.504
de 1997 (Lei das Eleições), prevendo que no processo de votação eletrônica, a urna imprimirá
o registro de cada voto, que será depositado, de forma automática e sem contato manual com
o eleitor, em local previamente lacrado, bem como que o processo de votação não será
concluído até que o eleitor confirme a correspondência entre o teor do seu voto e o registro
impresso e exibido pela urna eletrônica. Os mencionados dispositivos foram objeto de uma
ADIN no STF. Nesse sentido, o objetivo da presente pesquisa é, com base na teoria da
judicialização da política de Ran Hirschl, analisar a ADIN 5889, considerado um caso de
judicialização de processos eleitorais pela teoria mencionada. Os objetivos específicos da
pesquisa são: estudar a teoria de Ran Hirschl e, após, analisar a ADIN 5889, como um caso de
judicialização de processos eleitorais.
Brazil has one of the largest computerized elections in the world, with approximately 500,000 electronic voting machines in all polling stations across the country. The existence of an Electoral Justice system, a governmental body linked to the Union Judiciary, hierarchically composed of a Superior Electoral Court, Regional Electoral Courts, and Electoral Offices, which organizes, supervises, and conducts elections by regulating the electoral process, allowed the same technological solution to be implemented in all voting locations nationwide (SCHAUREN, 2016). However, in 2015, through Law No. 13,165 (Electoral Mini-Reform), Article 59-A and its sole paragraph were included in Law No. 9,504 of 1997 (Elections Law), providing that in the electronic voting process, the ballot box will print the record of each vote, which will be automatically deposited, without manual contact with the voter, in a previously sealed location, and that the voting process will not be concluded until the voter confirms the correspondence between the content of their vote and the printed record displayed by the electronic ballot box. These provisions were the subject of a Direct Action of Unconstitutionality (ADIN) in the Supreme Federal Court (STF). In this regard, the objective of this research is, based on the theory of judicialization of politics by Ran Hirschl, to analyze ADIN 5889, considered a case of judicialization of electoral processes by the mentioned theory. The specific objectives of the research are to study Ran Hirschl's theory and then analyze ADIN 5889 as a case of judicialization of electoral processes.
Brazil has one of the largest computerized elections in the world, with approximately 500,000 electronic voting machines in all polling stations across the country. The existence of an Electoral Justice system, a governmental body linked to the Union Judiciary, hierarchically composed of a Superior Electoral Court, Regional Electoral Courts, and Electoral Offices, which organizes, supervises, and conducts elections by regulating the electoral process, allowed the same technological solution to be implemented in all voting locations nationwide (SCHAUREN, 2016). However, in 2015, through Law No. 13,165 (Electoral Mini-Reform), Article 59-A and its sole paragraph were included in Law No. 9,504 of 1997 (Elections Law), providing that in the electronic voting process, the ballot box will print the record of each vote, which will be automatically deposited, without manual contact with the voter, in a previously sealed location, and that the voting process will not be concluded until the voter confirms the correspondence between the content of their vote and the printed record displayed by the electronic ballot box. These provisions were the subject of a Direct Action of Unconstitutionality (ADIN) in the Supreme Federal Court (STF). In this regard, the objective of this research is, based on the theory of judicialization of politics by Ran Hirschl, to analyze ADIN 5889, considered a case of judicialization of electoral processes by the mentioned theory. The specific objectives of the research are to study Ran Hirschl's theory and then analyze ADIN 5889 as a case of judicialization of electoral processes.
Periodicidade
Anual
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Referência
FERNANDEZ, Maria Laura Maciel; LEITE, Martina Bravo. A judicialização de processos eleitorais: uma análise da ADIN 5889. Revista Ballot, Rio de Janeiro, v. 8, n. 1-2, p. [1-7], 2022.
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