O princípio da distinção
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2010
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Neste texto, que corresponde ao terceiro capítulo do livro The principles of representative
government, Bernard Manin analisa o princípio da distinção, que consiste no entendimento
de que os eleitos devem ser socialmente superiores aos eleitores. A análise dos debates,
normas e instituições que organizaram a política representativa na Inglaterra, na França e
nos Estados Unidos, nos séculos XVII e XVIII, permite que o autor explicite a conexão entre o
princípio da distinção e a escolha dos representantes por meio de eleições. Diferentemente
do sorteio, o método eleitoral teria um efeito aristocrático. Um conceito alternativo foi
defendido pelos antifederalistas nos Estados Unidos: o corpo dos representantes deveria
espelhar ou assemelhar-se ao dos representados, em vez de distinguir-se dele.
In this text that corresponds to the third chapter of his book The principles of representative government, Bernard Manin analyses the principle of distinction, which consists in the understanding that the elected should be socially superior to the electors. The analysis of the debates, norms, and institutions organizing representative politics in England, France and the United States, in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, allows for making explicit the connection between the principle of distinction and the choice of representatives by means of elections. Differently from a choice at random, the electoral method would have an aristocratic effect. An alternative concept was supported by the anti-federalists in the United States: the body of representatives should mirror the represented, that is, should be similar to them instead of being distinct from them.
In this text that corresponds to the third chapter of his book The principles of representative government, Bernard Manin analyses the principle of distinction, which consists in the understanding that the elected should be socially superior to the electors. The analysis of the debates, norms, and institutions organizing representative politics in England, France and the United States, in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, allows for making explicit the connection between the principle of distinction and the choice of representatives by means of elections. Differently from a choice at random, the electoral method would have an aristocratic effect. An alternative concept was supported by the anti-federalists in the United States: the body of representatives should mirror the represented, that is, should be similar to them instead of being distinct from them.
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Manin, Bernard. O princípio da distinção. Revista Brasileira de Ciência Política, Brasília, n. 4, p. 187-226, jul./dez. 2010.
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