El bien jurídico en el delito de financiamiento ilícito de partidos políticos : una aproximación teórica a partir del caso argentino
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2022
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La legitimación relativa a la incriminación del delito de financiamiento ilícito de partidos
políticos remite directamente a la específica ilicitud penal que eventualmente pueden contener algunas
conductas de recaudación y aplicación de recursos materiales a la actividad política. Precisar qué se protege
y cuál es la función del Derecho Penal en la actividad política electoral implica analizar y comprender
una cadena de conceptos labrados en la Ciencia Política (Estasiología), así como en el Derecho Constitucional,
Electoral y Penal. Constituye un presupuesto elemental de toda tipificación penal establecer
con claridad cuál es el bien jurídico protegido en el delito de financiamiento ilícito de los partidos políticos.
Este estudio pretende abordar de manera teórica aquello que resultaría digno de tutela penal en
el contexto de la recaudación y aplicación de recursos económicos y financieros en la actividad política.
La contribución concreta que se aspira a realizar consiste en establecer con claridad el genuino objeto de
protección que cualquier regulación penal sobre la materia debería considerar.
The legitimacy related to the categorization of illicit financing of political parties as a crime refers directly to the specific criminality that may eventually appear in some funding conducts, and the application of material resources related to the political activity. Specifying what is protected and what is the role of Criminal Law in electoral political activity implies analyzing and understanding a chain of concepts developed in Political Science (Stasiology), as well as in Constitutional, Electoral, and Criminal Laws. It is fundamental to establish clearly the protected legal right to categorize the crime of illicit financing of political parties. This study aims to approach, in a theoretical manner, what would be worthy of criminal protection in the context of the funding and application of economic and financial resources in political activity. The specific aimed contribution of this article is to establish the genuine object of protection that any criminal regulation on the matter should consider.
The legitimacy related to the categorization of illicit financing of political parties as a crime refers directly to the specific criminality that may eventually appear in some funding conducts, and the application of material resources related to the political activity. Specifying what is protected and what is the role of Criminal Law in electoral political activity implies analyzing and understanding a chain of concepts developed in Political Science (Stasiology), as well as in Constitutional, Electoral, and Criminal Laws. It is fundamental to establish clearly the protected legal right to categorize the crime of illicit financing of political parties. This study aims to approach, in a theoretical manner, what would be worthy of criminal protection in the context of the funding and application of economic and financial resources in political activity. The specific aimed contribution of this article is to establish the genuine object of protection that any criminal regulation on the matter should consider.
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RÍOS, Leandro Damián. El bien jurídico en el delito de financiamiento ilícito de partidos políticos: una aproximación teórica a partir del caso argentino. Elecciones, Lima, v. 21, n. 24, p. 69-98, jul./dez. 2022. DOI: 10.53557/Elecciones.2022.v21n24.02.
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