O ativismo judicial do STF em face do Legislativo : identificação de limites da jurisdição constitucional e análise crítica de decisões sobre a reforma política
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2021
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Analisa o ativismo judicial praticado pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) perante o Poder Legislativo, no exercício da jurisdição constitucional, especialmente no âmbito da reforma política. Para tanto, será apresentado o conceito do ativismo judicial, na perspectiva de um modelo de positivismo jurídico moderado, com enfoque no sistema civil law e sob o paradigma da teoria da interpretação constitucional. Também serão abordadas, sinteticamente, as possíveis causas do ativismo e as graves consequências jurídicas e políticas dele decorrentes, bem assim se fará o contraponto entre a prática ativista e a inafastabilidade do exercício da jurisdição. O estudo apreciará os parâmetros jurídicos para que se possa identificar uma decisão ativista da Corte Suprema, descrevendo alguns desses elementos, notadamente as questões políticas, a atividade de interpretação do texto constitucional, as mutações constitucionais, a argumentação jurídica de justificação das decisões e a criação do direito pelo Juiz. Ao final, serão apontadas considerações críticas sobre relevantes decisões do STF em causas relacionadas à reforma política, buscando demonstrar se houve ou não a prática do ativismo judicial e quais foram os limites eventualmente desconsiderados pelo juiz constitucional.
It analyzes the judicial activism exercised by the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court (STF) in regard to the Legislative Power, through its constitutional jurisdiction, especially concerning the matter of political reform. For this purpose, it will be presented the concept of judicial activism, under the perspective of a moderate judicial positivism model, while focusing on the civil law system and under the auspices of the constitutional interpretation theory. It will also be addressed, synthetically, the possible causes for the activism phenomenon and the grave legal and political consequences it gives rise to, just as a comparison will be made between the activist practice and the principle of non-obviation of jurisdiction. This report will address the legal framework needed to identify an activist judgement from the Supreme Court, while describing some of its elements, especially those which relate to political matters, the activity of interpretation of the constitutional text, constitutional mutations, legal argumentation required for justification of those decisions and the creation of Law by the judiciary. At the end of this report, it will be outlined critical considerations about relevant decisions of the STF in cases related to political reform, whilst seeking to demonstrate whether or not judicial activism was exercised and the limits eventually unaccounted for by the constitutional judge.
It analyzes the judicial activism exercised by the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court (STF) in regard to the Legislative Power, through its constitutional jurisdiction, especially concerning the matter of political reform. For this purpose, it will be presented the concept of judicial activism, under the perspective of a moderate judicial positivism model, while focusing on the civil law system and under the auspices of the constitutional interpretation theory. It will also be addressed, synthetically, the possible causes for the activism phenomenon and the grave legal and political consequences it gives rise to, just as a comparison will be made between the activist practice and the principle of non-obviation of jurisdiction. This report will address the legal framework needed to identify an activist judgement from the Supreme Court, while describing some of its elements, especially those which relate to political matters, the activity of interpretation of the constitutional text, constitutional mutations, legal argumentation required for justification of those decisions and the creation of Law by the judiciary. At the end of this report, it will be outlined critical considerations about relevant decisions of the STF in cases related to political reform, whilst seeking to demonstrate whether or not judicial activism was exercised and the limits eventually unaccounted for by the constitutional judge.
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Referência
MELLO, Ruy Nestor Bastos. O ativismo judicial do stf em face do
Legislativo: identificação de limites da
jurisdição constitucional e análise crítica
de decisões sobre a reforma política. Revista Populus, Salvador, n. 11, p. 167-256, dez. 2021.
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